While I'm not certain that the SI is a forerunner construct, you are correct that this, or a similar marathon-like symbol has appeared in every other Halo game so far. There are way too many to list, but here are just a few examples off the top of my head:
Halo CE: On The Pillar of Autumn and on Capt. Keyes' pipe.
Halo 2: On doors on the levels "Regret", "Uprising", and "Great Journey".
Halo 3: In the terminals (image noted by ColdGlider above) and on the control panels of the elevators in the level "The Covenant".
I haven't seen a similar symbol in-game in ODST yet (allowing you to use this as an emblem for your firefight character doesn't seem like it counts), but I am going to be on the lookout for it now.