Codes found on LNOS
UNSC GRD M142008.
GRD M01408-G
Possible meanings
The ASCII code for capital M is 77
M14 = DMR
G = 7th letter in the alphabet.
GRD = 7-14-04 (Epic connection)
7-14-04 = On July 18th, 2004, ilovebees.com was launched and gave way to more questions to Halo fans.
GRD?
2.1. Ground Resolved Distance
Photogrammetric were measuring spatial resolution of aerial photographs using empirical methods long before the first scanning sensor was placed in orbit. These methods integrated properties of the imaging system with the other external factors that determine spatial resolution. Ground resolved distance (GRD) is the parameter of most interest, because it measures the applicability of an image to a specific task. The GRD of an image is defined as the dimensions of the smallest discernible object. The GRD is a function of geometry (altitude, focal length of optics), equipment (internal system spatial resolution of the camera or scanner) and also on reflectance characteristics of the object compared to its surroundings (contrast).
Performance of a film, film and camera, or deployed aerial photography system is measured empirically using standard targets that consist of black-and-white bars of graduated widths and spacing's (figure 6-9 in Slater et al. 1983). The area-weighted average resolution (AWAR) in lp/mm (line-pairs/mm) at the film plane is determined by measuring the smallest set of line pairs that can be discriminated on an original film negative or transparency. Line pairs are quoted because it is necessary to discriminate between one object and another, to detect it and measure it.
Film resolving power is measured by manufacturers under standard photographic conditions (also in lp/mm, e.g. Smith and Anson 1968, Eastman Kodak Company 1998) at high contrast (object/background ratio 1000/1) and low contrast (object/background ratio 1.6/1). Most terrestrial surfaces recorded from orbit are low-contrast, for the purpose of estimating resolving power of film. Kodak no longer measures film resolving power for non-aerial photographic films (Karen Teitelbaum, Eastman Kodak Company, personal comm..), including films that NASA routinely uses for Earth photography.
AWAR can be measured for the static case of film and camera, or for the camera-aircraft system in motion. For example, AWAR for the National Aerial Photography Program includes effects of the lens, resolving power of original film, image blur due to aircraft motion, and spatial resolution of duplicating film (Light 1996). Given AWAR for a system in motion, the GRD can be calculated by trigonometry (see equation A2 3 in section 5in the Appendix, d = 1/AWAR and D = GRD).
An impediment to similar rigorous measurement of GRD for orbital remote sensing systems is the lack of a target of suitable scale on the ground; thus, spatial resolution for most orbiting sensors is described in terms of a less all-encompassing measure, instantaneous field of view (see below). Additional challenges to measuring AWAR for a complete astronaut photography system include the number of different options for aspects of the system including different cameras, films, and orbital altitudes. These elements that must be standardized to determine AWAR provide a useful list of those characteristics of astronaut photography that will most influence GRD.
